the Italian Antitrust Authority ( see Antitrust).
see Audit.
Audits consist mainly of two operations: audits of regular bookkeeping and the consistency of the financial statements with the accounting records. The purpose of audits is to offer greater assurances that the accounting information provided by companies subject to this obligation are complete and reliable.
(finance) asset-backed securities (ABS) are securities backed by a bundle of accounts receivable (which constitute the underlying asset) with similar characteristics. Their special feature is that the offered return, which derives directly from the cash flow generated by the underlying accounts receivable, is guaranteed by the issuer. This consequently reduces the risk involved.
see Market maker.
see Arbitrage.
a gain realized by exploiting temporary imbalances in market prices, such that an identical product – be it merchandise or a financial assets – can be sold at different prices in different places through the purchase and simultaneous sale of the same object on another market. Since the activity exploits price differences on different markets, it is largely risk free.
the laws and enforcement authorities whose ultimate objective is to promote and protect market competition.
see Dumping.
see Dumping.
Joint-stock companies are specifically required to prepare an annual report that summarizes their assets, liabilities, operating results and financial position. The annual report is comprised by three documents: the balance sheet, the income statement and the notes to the financial statements. It must also include the report of the board of directors on operations and the report of the board of statutory auditors and the independent auditor’s report.
see Option.
see ADR/ADS.
see Market maker.
see ECN.
(finance) For example, an advisor recommends the approach to be taken to transform a privately held company or entity into a public company (company with small investors) or a company with a group of leading shareholders; assesses the companies to be sold; manages government owned securities and coordinates their placement with domestic and foreign investors. These are normally famous merchant banks and major independent auditors.
see ETF.